Fall of the Sultanate: The Great War and the End of the Ottoman Empire, 1908–1922 . By Ryan Gingeras. The Greater War, 1912–1923. Edited by Robert Gerwarth.Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. xx+318. $60.00. The Ottoman Culture of Defeat: The Balkan Wars and Their Aftermath . By Eyal Ginio. Mediterraneans: The Ottoman and Post-Ottoman World. Edited by Mark Mazower et al.Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. xx+378. $80.00.